Nau'in Tafiya Na Aiki tare da Kayan Aikin Girbi

步履

 

Gadar Zhongtang da ke kan babbar hanyar xx tana da babban tsawon 32.5 + 4 × 45 + 32.5m kuma daidai sashin da aka riga aka rigaya an riga an ƙarfafa shi mai ci gaba da ɗimbin akwati (hanyar tashin hankali), tare da jimlar 245.9m. Gindin akwatin ɗaki ɗaya ne, tsayin katako a tsakiya shine 308.25cm, faɗin rufin shine 1100cm (nisa na bene gada shine 12m), faɗin farantin ƙasa shine 480cm. Gidan yanar gizon yana karkata, kuma nisa ta tsakiya a saman farantin shine 570cm. Ƙarshen katako da tsakiyar dukan katako an ba da su tare da katako, sauran kuma an ba su da diaphragms kowane 15m.

 

Tushen tushen babban gada shine tulin simintin gyare-gyare guda 4 da aka gundura da diamita na 120cm, waɗanda ke cikin gadon sama da 50cm. Jikin dutsen yana ɗaukar tsarin ginshiƙi biyu na simintin da aka ƙarfafa tare da diamita na 180cm.

 

Lokacin da aka kafa gada, ana amfani da hanyar SSY, wato, ana amfani da hanyar turawa da yawa don kafa katako. Siffofin wannan hanyar sune: ƙarfin amsawa a kwance lokacin turawa (jawo) jikin katako yana tarwatse kuma yana aiki akan kowane rami, kuma ana iya sarrafa aikin turawa (jawo) a tsakiya. Tun da babu majigi na wucin gadi a lokacin aiki, an haɗa ƙarshen gaban akwatin gaɗaɗɗen ƙarfe mai tsayi na 30m a matsayin katako mai jagora.

 

Lokacin da aka tura akwatin da aka riga aka tsara, ana yin shi a cikin sake zagayowar bisa ga hanyoyin ci gaba → ɗaga katako → zubar da katako →propulsion . Hoto na 1 yana nuna yanayin sake zagayowar.

 

suke

Zane na hanyar turawa

1——Silinda Tsaye;2——Jawo Kai;3--Slideway;4--Pigiya Rod;5--HSilinda na gabas

 

Ana iya ganin cewa don gane wannan zagayowar shirin, silinda a kwance yana kammala aikin tura akwatin akwatin ta na'urar zamewa, kuma silinda ta tsaye ta kammala aikin ɗagawa da sauke katako. Wato, silinda a kwance da silinda na tsaye ana canza su.

 

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1. Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tsarin na Multi-point pusher katako da iko

Duka na silinda a kwance da silinda na tsaye ana sarrafa su ta hanyar ruwa kuma ana sarrafa su ta hanyar lantarki. Tsawon akwatin akwatin da za a tura don gadar yana da mita 225, kuma kowace mita mai layi tana da nauyin 16.8t, tare da nauyin kimanin 3770t. Saboda haka, an shirya jimillar 10 a kwance cylinders da 24 a tsaye cylinders (matsayin mai shine 320kg/cm2 da fitarwa shine 250t). Akwai ginshiƙai 5 tare da silinda a kwance, 2 ga kowane rami; akwai ginshiƙai 6 don silinda na tsaye, 4 ga kowane rami.

Jack ɗin tsaye yana kammala ɗagawa da saukar da katako. A cikin aikin gine-gine, ba a buƙatar haɗa dukkan gada ba, kuma ana buƙatar rarraba raƙuman ruwa, don haka babu matsala na sarrafawa ta tsakiya. Kulawarsa na lantarki zai iya kammala ci gaba da ɗagawa ko rage jack ɗin, kuma yana iya kammala sigar jog.

Jack ɗin kwance yana kammala aikin tura katako. Tsarin gine-gine yana buƙatar dukan gada don daidaitawa, wato, fitarwa ko dakatarwa a lokaci guda, don haka an saita ikon sarrafawa na jack a kwance, kuma an saita akwatin lantarki mai mahimmanci don wannan dalili.

Amfani da jacks a kwance da jakunkuna na tsaye yana ƙaruwa sannu a hankali, kuma an riga an riga an keɓance akwatin akwatin 15m a kowane zagaye. Tare da ci gaba da ci gaba da girman akwatin, adadin jacks da aka yi amfani da su yana karuwa a hankali. A cikin ƴan zagayowar ƙera na ƙarshe, ana amfani da duk 10 sets jacks kwance da jacks na tsaye 24.

Domin haɗa kowane tudu tare da ɗakin sarrafawa na tsakiya, mun shigar da tsarin watsa sauti na intercom. Ayyuka sun tabbatar da cewa tsarin watsawa na hydraulic da hanyoyin sarrafawa da aka jera a sama suna da aminci don amfani.

 

Bari mu yi magana game da wasu abubuwan da suka faru na matsaloli da yawa na watsawar ruwa na hanyar firam ɗin turawa don tunani.

1. Matsalar ƙa'idar matsa lamba na tsarin hydraulic. Ana gabatar da matsalar ƙa'idar matsa lamba ta mataki-mataki saboda la'akari daban-daban na juriyar juriya mai ƙarfi da juriya mai ƙarfi lokacin da akwatin akwatin ya motsa. A baya, an yi imani da cewa tsarin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa ya kamata ya sami matsi biyu ko uku na mai: lokacin da aka shawo kan juriya mai tsayi, ana amfani da man fetur mafi girma; kuma ana amfani da ƙarami mai matsa lamba lokacin da akwatin katako ya zame. Hanyar ita ce canza tsarin na'ura mai kwakwalwa ta hanyar haɗa nau'in bawul ɗin taimako daban-daban waɗanda aka saita. Ta wannan hanyar, tsarin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa da ikonsa sun ɗan fi rikitarwa. Ayyukanmu sun tabbatar da cewa nauyin man fetur na tsarin hydraulic ba ya dogara da kansa ba, amma akan juriya na waje na jack. Wato lokacin da na’urar ruwa ke aiki, ba a tantance yawan man da ke kan farantin famfon din ba, sai dai jimlar juriyar da aka fuskanta a lokacin da man ya koma tankin mai bayan ya bar famfo. . Idan jack ba shi da juriya (load), matsa lamba na famfo mai yana ƙayyade kawai ta hanyar juriya na bututu; idan mai daga famfon mai nan da nan ya shiga sararin samaniya ko tankin mai, matsawar famfon mai zai zama sifili; idan juriya (load) R na jack ya karu, matsa lamba na famfo mai kuma ya karu. Lokacin da aka sauke jack ɗin, matsa lamba na famfo mai yana ƙayyade ta hanyar bawul ɗin hanya ɗaya; lokacin da aka ɗora jack ɗin, matsa lamba na famfo mai, wato, man fetur na tsarin, za a ƙayyade ta hanyar juriya na jack. Matsakaicin man fetur a aiki yana ƙayyade ta hanyar jack load. Wato, nauyin man fetur na tsarin hydraulic zai canza kansa tare da juriya na waje, don haka tsarin matakan mataki-mataki ba dole ba ne.

 

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2. Sync batu na kwance jacks. Tsarin turawa yana buƙatar jacks na kwance na hagu da dama su tura katakon gaba a cikin gudu iri ɗaya, in ba haka ba za a karkatar da katako lokacin da ya zame. Tabbas, abu na farko da mutane ke la'akari da shi shine cewa ƙarfin da aka yi amfani da jacks na kwance na hagu da dama zuwa jikin katako ya kamata ya zama daidai, wanda yake daidai. Lokacin da ma'auni na hagu da dama na jikin katako yana da kyau, kuma juriya yana daidai da hagu da dama, ba shakka, ƙarfin da aka yi amfani da jacks na hagu da dama ya kamata ya zama daidai. La'akari na biyu shi ne cewa gudun gaba na hagu da dama ya kamata su kasance daidai. Ta wannan hanyar, katako na iya gudana cikin sauƙi kuma madaidaiciya. Duk da haka, yana da wahala ga jikin katako don tabbatar da cewa kowane sashe dole ne ya zama daidai daidai a hagu da dama, kuma juriya a hagu da dama dole ne ya zama daidai. Matsalolin mai da ke da alaƙa da tsarin da aka ambata a sama an ƙaddara ta hanyar juriya na waje. Ana iya tunanin cewa jakunan hagu da dama dole ne su yi aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na matsin mai, don haka za a daidaita saurin hagu da dama a wannan lokacin? Don kwatanci, ana ɗauka cewa jakunkuna ɗaya ne kawai na tudun dutse ɗaya ke aiki. Tun da mun saita famfo guda ɗaya tare da jack ɗaya, wannan yana magance matsalar aiki tare da sauri sosai. Domin famfon mai da muke amfani da shi, famfo ne mai inganci, a ka’idar, duk irin juriya da fitar da man da famfon din zai yi (wato komai girman man na’urar), adadinsa ya kai. ba canzawa. Don haka, jacks na hagu da dama dole ne a daidaita su. Tabbas, ana iya la'akari da wannan ra'ayi game da yanayin ramuka biyu masu saman hudu, ramuka uku masu sama shida, ramuka hudu masu sama takwas, ko kuma ramuka biyar masu saman goma. Don haka, hanyarmu ta famfo ɗaya da saman ɗaya na iya fahimtar matsalar haɗin gwiwar hagu da dama. Har ila yau, aikin ya tabbatar da cewa a cikin katakon turawa, layin tsakiya na katakon akwatin ba a daidaita shi ba (a zahiri, ya kamata a dan kadan daga hagu zuwa dama amma ana iya kiyaye shi a cikin wani yanki). Tsarin gine-gine yana buƙatar kulawa ta kusa da karkatar da layin cibiyar. Idan ya wuce 2cm, yana buƙatar gyara (tare da jagora na gefe). Yayin aiwatar da turawa, adadin gyare-gyare yana da ƙananan ƙananan. Sau ɗaya ko biyu kawai a cikin turawa talatin (girman akwatin 15m). Ana iya la'akari da wannan a matsayin sakamakon haɗin kai na dalilai masu yawa na haƙiƙa, saboda dangane da injin hydraulic, famfo mai yana da kuskuren kwarara, jack yana da matsalolin ɗigon ciki (kowane jack ya bambanta, kuma piston na iya kasancewa a wurare daban-daban. ), da kuma tsarin Leakage na wasu na'urori a ciki, da dai sauransu, wanda ba ya saba wa kammalawarmu a sama.

3. Batun daidaitawa na jacks na tsaye. Jacks ɗin mu na tsaye suna aiki ta hanyar famfo mai jacks guda huɗu, kuma yakamata a saita bawul ɗin daidaitawa, saboda bawul ɗin daidaitawa (ko bawul mai karkata) na iya yin jacks da yawa ƙarƙashin lodi daban-daban (juriya) har yanzu suna samun rabon da aka ƙaddara ko daidaitaccen mai don cimma nasara. aiki tare. Amma la'akari da cewa bawul ɗin aiki tare yana da kantuna biyu kawai. Domin sauƙaƙe tsarin tsarin, ba a shigar da bawul ɗin aiki tare. Idan aka yi la'akari da cewa ma'aunin hagu da dama na akwatin girdar suna da ma'ana, ba babban matsala ba ne yin hakan. Aiki ya tabbatar da cewa ƙididdigewa daidai ne, jack ɗin tsaye yana tashi kuma ya faɗi daidai, kuma babu matsala a cikin ɗagawa da fadowa na katako.

 


Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-16-2022